Apparatus for producing a mixture of steam and combustion-gases.



No. s45,12s. I PATENTED'FEB. 26; 1907. E. SCHMIDT.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING A MIXTURE 0F STEAM AND COMBUSTION GASES.

' 1 APPLICATION-FILED SEPT.5 .1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 845,128. PATENTED P33151907.

E.-SOHMIDT. I

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING A MIXTURE OF STEAM AND COMBUSTION GA$ES.

APPLICATION FILED SBPT.5,1906.

2 SHEETS-8HEET 22.

witnesses.-

(i. (,v. I I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I EUGEN SCHMIDT, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING A MIXTURE 0F STEAM AND COMBUSTION-GASES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 26, 1907.

Application filed September 5, 1905. Serial No 277.099.

.80 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EUGEN SCHMIDT, engineer, a citizen of the Russian Empire, residing at St. Petorsburg, in the Russian Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Producing a Mixture of Steam and Combustion-Gases and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,- and exact description of the inven tion, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for continuously producing in a closed chamber a mixture of combustion-gases and stem suitable for driving motors, such mixture being, if desired, supplied with a quantity of air under pressure in excess of that required for the combustion of the liquid fuel employed. Apparatus for producing such a mixture are well known, but are generally of a compli cated nature and are therefore liable to get out of order, while an apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention may be constituted of an ordinary steam: boiler having a large water-space.

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of an apparatus embodying myin'wntion. Fig. 2 is avertical cross-section on theiline 2 2, Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows in cross-section sevcrai forms of the distrilniting-pipe. 4

Referring more specifically to the drawings, 1 designates a horizontal hermetically closed cylindr' nl vessel in which is mounted a combustion-chamber 19, preferably arranged cccentrically near the bottom of said vessel. This clnnnbcr has end walls 20 and 21, each provided with a central opening 23, surrounded by a pipe 27, which can be hermetically closed by means of slides 22 or the like, said clnnnber being provided in its top with an upward-projccting dome '21, having a comparatively small opening 20, normally closed by a lap-valve 25 or any other suitable fornrof cheek-valve.

Liquid fuel is sprayed into the combustionchamber 19 through a nozzle 3, fed from a pipe 14, which latter leads from a supplytank 1'2. (omprcssed air is supplied to the fuel-spray from a compressed-air tank 13 by means of a pipe 29, the inward extension 30 of which has upwardly-directed nozzles 4,

' through which the compressed air is made to impinge upon the fuel-spray. An air-pump 15 is provided for forcing compressed air through a pipe 15 into the tank 13, which. communicates with the fuel-tank 12 by means of a pipe 17, having a valve 18. 1f desired, the fuel-tank is connected also with the water tank or tanks 11 by means of branch pipes 17. The vessel 1 is provided with a dome having a dischargeipe 5 for the produced 1111X't1116.0f gas ant steam, a

thermometerfi, and a pressure-gage 7. Regulati'ng devices 9 16 hereinafter more particularly described, are provided, by means of which valves 32 on water-pipes 10 are regulated according to variations in the temperature in the vessel 1.

1n the water-pipcs a pressure as uniform as possible is maintained and which is higher than that in the vessel 1, which is regulated by a safety-valve 8. On the feed-pipes 10, 14, and 29 there are provided, in addition to the shut-off cocks, non-return valves of any kind, (not shown) which prevent the contents of the yessd 1 from passing back to the tanks '11, 12, and 13 in the event of the pressure in the latter sinking below a certain degree.

The apparatus as described can be started when there is very little or no water at all In.

the vessel 1 and also when no compressed air is available, this being effected in the f ollowing manner:

The pipe 27 leading from opening 23 in the wall 21 is connected in any suitable manner with a chimney. (Not shown.) The slides 22 in each pipe 27 are opened and naptha or other liquid combustible is forced by any suitable ireans, such as a hand-pump, through the spraying-nozzle 3, and the s way is ignited. The resulting ila'rc, which is maintained by air drawn in by the draft, soon 5 beats the cotnbustion-cha!nber 19 to a high degree. Spraying-nozzles 2 on the ends of the pipes 10, projecting through the end walls of the vessel 1 above the combustionchatrber 19, are then put in action, and the entering water-spray from these nozzles in striking upon the higl ly-hcated upper part of the chamber 19 is at once converted into stca'n. \Vhen the steam in the vessel 1 has attained a certain pressure, it may be c nployed for working the air-punp 15, which forces air through the vessel 13 into the naphtha-tank 12 and also into the watertanks 11 11. The two slides 22 are then .pressure in the air-tank and the naphtha and sure, the supply thereof will increase when fected when the consumption thereof is more of the tube passes a metal ro or tube 16,

closed, and compressed air is forced through the nozzles 4 into the combustion-chamber 19, which is now closed against the atmosphere. As the pressure in the chamber 19 ncreases rapidly, the valve 25 is forced open automatically by the gases, which in passing into the vessel 1 come into intimate contact with the steam and Water sprays and in in parting heat thereto produce a gaseous mixture at a high pressure, which passes oil through the discharge-opening in the dome. The ascending combustion-gases and the resulting mixture of steam and gases on its way to the discharge-opening 5 passes through one or more wire-gauze partitions 28 or the like arranged in the dome, by means of which the gaseous mixture isfreed from soot and other solid articles before passing away. This'gaseous mixture being now made to act upon the air-pump effects an increased productionof compressed air and raises the water tanks to the requisite high degree.

' If during the working the combustible and air supplies are effected under constant pres the pressure in the vessel-l decreases, and by this means the pressure in the vessel 1 will be rapidly raised to the' normal degree again. If, on the other hand, the pressure in the vessel 1 increases beyond the normal, less combustible will enter in a given time, and thus reduction of pressure in the vessel 1 to the normal will also be effected. With a con stant pressure in the air, water, and fuel vessels an automatic regulation of the pressure of the produced gaseous mixture will be efor less variable, the regulation being effected by variation of'composition of the gaseous mixture.

In order to maintain the gaseous mixture below a certain admissible maximum temperature in case of sudden and considerable fluctuations in the consumption, the regulating devices 9 16 may be employed in addition, by means of which on the increase of the temperature of the gaseous mixture the Water-su ply is automatically increased and, on the ot er hand, is decreased when'the temperature falls. This regulating device consists of a metal tube 9, fixed to the end wall of the vessel 1,. and through the 0 en outer end aving its inner end fixed to the inner endof in the vessel 1 it will effect of-the valve.

Any water that isnot evaporated flows down over the outside of the chamber 19, collects in the bottom of the vessel 1, and is drawn off from time to time.

a greater opening generation of steam by the direct contact of nozzle 3 and ignited.

under pressure is then forced in through pipe 29 30, and the gaseous mixture thus produ eed when at sufficient pressure forces itself through the valve or valves and through the layer of water above them and mixes with steam in the vessel. In order to maintain the variations of temperature within certain limits with such a high-water level in the case of sudden considerable fluctuations in the consumption of the aseous mixture without the automatic regu ,ating devices 9 16 or the like, there may be arranged round the combustion-chamber 19 two or more check-valves or sets of check-valves, such as 25. These valves are loaded by springs, eounterweights, or the like, in such manner that the valves situated at a lower level are generally kept closed and only open when, in consequence of a sudden decrease of pressure combustion-gases have to be discharged into the. same.

A second check-valve 33, loaded by a spring 36 and located at one of the lowermost points of the combustion-chamber, is shown in addition to the above-mentioned non-return valve 25. The hot gases escaping through this valve 33 are forced into the water-space of the vessel 1 through a distributtube 9, while the outer end is attached to a lever31 of the regulating-valve 32 on the pipe 10. The rod 16 being made of a metal having an expansion coefiicient different from l that of the metal of the tube 9 it will be seen I that the variations in temperature within the vessel, 1 will produce a corresponding outward or inward motion of the rod 16, such I that witha decrease of temperature it will effect an increased -.elosing of, the supply-} ing-pipe 24, having a plurality tures 35 in its bottom wall. With this arrangement a portion of the hot combustiongases have in case of a sudden decrease of pressure in the vessel 1 to pass through a considerable height of Water column into the steam or g'as'space, as indicated by the arrows a, Fig. 2. Becoming highly saturated with steam, they become correspondingly cooled. The reestablishment of the normal valve, while with an increase of temperature the water-spray with the heated top surface When suflicient steam-pressure has been! generated, both slides 22 may be closed. Air

of small apcr It is, however, possible, without interfering with the rapid height of the chaml 5 opened and the pipe 27 in the end wall 21 connected to a flue-pipe, while f liquid-fuel spray is introduced through thei in the steam-chamber, a large quantity of pressure is in this case not efieeted as rapidly as with the arrangement of a single dome 24 with valve 25; but, on the other hand, the temperature of the gaseous mixture will not rise to the same extent as before, and with an unequal consumption of the gaseous mixture this can always be produced in such manner that its temperature never exceeds a certain limit.

If desired, suitable means, such as the regulating device 9 16, may be provided, which only operate at a high temperature within the apparatus and then cause an additween the combustion-chamber and the 'vesscl, and means to inject Water into the latter to cover the combustion-chamben 2. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination With a closed vessel, of a coml ustion-chamber therein, a noz zle adapted to inject'a spray of fuel longitudinally of the combustion-chamber, a plurality of nozzles adapted to direct streams of air transversely of the path of the fuel, valved ports in the top and bottom of the combustion-chamber near theend opposite the fuel-- nozzle to establish communication between the combustion-chamber and vessel, and

means to supply Waterjinto'the latter to cover the combustion-chamb er. '7

3. In an apparatus of the character described, the cfombination with a closed vessel, of a combustion-chamber mounted therein, a nozzle adapted to inject a spray of fuel longitudinally of the combustion-chamber, a

plurality of nozzles adapted to direct streams 3 of air transversely of the path of the fuel, a

valved port in the top of the combustionchamber near the end opposite the fuel-nozzle to establish coi'nmunication between the combustion-chamber and vessel, a plurality of nozzles in the latter adapted to spray Watcr therein, and a valved port in the of the combustion-chamber.

4. In an apparatus of the characteri'described, the combination with a closed vessel, of a combitstion-chaml: er mounted therein, a nozzle adapted to inject a spray of fuel longitudinally of the combustion-chamber, a plurality of nozzles adapted to direct streams of air transversely of the path of the fuel, a valved port in the top of the combustionchamber near the end opposite the fuel-nozzle; to establish communication between the co mbustioirchamlt er and vessel, means to inject Water in the latter, a valved port in the bottom of the combustion-chamber and a s u 0 a perforated distributmgrpipe communicating.

With the latter port.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing wltnesses.

EUG-EN SCHMIDT.

Wi tnesses H. A. LOVIAGHIN, W. STEIVINGERZ.

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